Useful For

Corticosteroids are synthesized from cholesterol in the adrenal cortex, and cortisol is the main corticosteroid produced and secreted by humans.  Physiological actions of cortisol include regulation of carbohydrate metabolism, electrolyte balance, water distribution and immunosuppressant and anti-inflammatory activity.

The circulating cortisol concentration is normally subject to a circadian rhythm, with the maximum level being reached at 8-9 a.m. and the minimum around midnight.  Concentrations are usually elevated in pregnancy and in patients receiving high dose estrogen therapy.

Adrenal tumors and pituitary or ectopic adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)-producing tumors are frequently associated with cortisol over-production (Cushing’s syndrome), while adrenal insufficiency results in cortisol under-production (Addison’s disease).